What Causes Acne

Acne is a relatively common condition leading to formation of blackheads, whiteheads and pimples. It is often associated with youth entering teenage years but also affects many adults. The face, neck, chest and back are areas most commonly affected. Pimples are only the resulting symptom of the true cause behind acne. It generally happens when bacteria infect clogged pores in the skin. Excess oil production is what leads to pores becoming clogged. Teens and certain adults are often afflicted as the result of elevated levels of other hormones produced in the body.

Hormones

Hair follicles incorporate an oil-producing gland called the sebaceous gland. The gland produces sebum, an oily substance necessary for lubricating and moisturizing skin. It is a form of protection. When hormone levels in the body are elevated, the sebaceous glands become overactive and produce excess amounts of sebum. The sebum eventually starts to accumulate clogging pores in the skin. This is one reason teenagers are most often affected. Puberty increases hormone production and sebum levels. Acne could also be prevalent in adults during periods when hormone levels increase. This is particularly true for women nearing menopause when monthly cycles includes a period of elevated hormone levels. However, acne is not a condition restricted to teens and women. Adult men could also develop a mild case of acne.

Bacteria

Excess sebum block skin pores. However, the onset of acne is initiated by the presence of another factor, bacteria. Propionibacterium acnes, a species of bacteria normally found on human skin, feed on sebum. The bacteria are relatively harmless under normal conditions. But, they move into sebum-clogged pores causing infection. The body recognizes the intruder and sends white blood cells to the area causing whiteheads to form. If the pore surface does not close, dirt enters forming a blackhead. Sometimes the clogged pore breaks through the underlying pore wall and becomes inflamed forming a pimple.

Certain Foods and Other Conditions

Greasy food consumption has often been targeted as a cause of acne. In truth, greasy foods, sweat and dirt could contribute to an acne condition. However, they are not the cause. It is the natural process of sebum production that initiates the condition.

Acne is often regarded as a normal stage in the early years of development. It affects most teenagers. Adults developing a case of acne could consider it unusual. This is not the case. Individuals concerned about a skin condition should keep the skin free from dirt and oil with daily washing. Severe cases may require dermatologist care. Proper skin care and treatment normally suffice to keep acne under control.